[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.emwac.cz\/vyznate-se-v-biatlonovych-disciplinach\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.emwac.cz\/vyznate-se-v-biatlonovych-disciplinach\/","headline":"Vyzn\u00e1te se v biatlonov\u00fdch discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch?","name":"Vyzn\u00e1te se v biatlonov\u00fdch discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch?","description":"Biatlon se n\u011bkolik posledn\u00edch let dr\u017e\u00ed u \u010desk\u00fdch fanou\u0161k\u016f na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sam\u00e9m vrcholu popularity. Dokonce situace do\u0161la tak daleko, \u017ee na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159enosy biatlonov\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f kouk\u00e1 srovnateln\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed div\u00e1k\u016f jako nap\u0159\u00edklad na hokejov\u00e9 \u010di fotbalov\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy, co\u017e bylo p\u0159ed zhruba deseti lety naprosto nemysliteln\u00e9. Co zat\u00edm stoj\u00ed? P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm velik\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy, kter\u00fdch na\u0161\u00ed sportovci v tomto […]","datePublished":"2024-10-08","dateModified":"2024-10-08","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.emwac.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.emwac.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c192bfd1262e8256fe3eac43754b6ece89624ea6667e488d9445cc2d04372644?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c192bfd1262e8256fe3eac43754b6ece89624ea6667e488d9445cc2d04372644?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"emwac.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.emwac.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a310993_w1895_t1521966117.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.emwac.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a310993_w1895_t1521966117.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.emwac.cz\/vyznate-se-v-biatlonovych-disciplinach\/","wordCount":572,"articleBody":"Biatlon se n\u011bkolik posledn\u00edch let dr\u017e\u00ed u \u010desk\u00fdch fanou\u0161k\u016f na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sam\u00e9m vrcholu popularity. Dokonce situace do\u0161la tak daleko, \u017ee na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159enosy biatlonov\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f kouk\u00e1 srovnateln\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed div\u00e1k\u016f jako nap\u0159\u00edklad na hokejov\u00e9 \u010di fotbalov\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy, co\u017e bylo p\u0159ed zhruba deseti lety naprosto nemysliteln\u00e9. Co zat\u00edm stoj\u00ed? P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm velik\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy, kter\u00fdch na\u0161\u00ed sportovci v tomto sportu v posledn\u00edch letech dos\u00e1hli. Nezapomenuteln\u00e9 jsou medailov\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy ze dvou posledn\u00edch zimn\u00edch olympi\u00e1d, stejn\u011b tak zisk k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00e9ho gl\u00f3bu pro celkovou v\u00edt\u011bzku sv\u011btov\u00e9ho poh\u00e1ru Gabrielu Koukalovou.  Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi st\u00edha\u010dkou a z\u00e1vodem s hromadn\u00fdm startem? Biatlonistky i biatlonist\u00e9 obj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed b\u011bhem zimy z\u00e1vody sv\u011btov\u00e9ho poh\u00e1ru, je\u017e se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Mu\u017ei i \u017eeny se utk\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve stejn\u00fdch discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch, pouze se li\u0161\u00ed d\u00e9lka trat\u00ed. D\u00e9lka mu\u017esk\u00fdch trat\u00ed je v\u017edy del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e t\u011bch \u017eensk\u00fdch. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ve sprintu jedou \u017eeny 7,5 km, kde\u017eto mu\u017ei kilometr\u016f deset. V\u016fbec nejdel\u0161\u00ed mu\u017esk\u00fd z\u00e1vod m\u011b\u0159\u00ed 20 km, vytrvalostn\u00ed z\u00e1vod \u017een je o p\u011bt kilometr\u016f krat\u0161\u00ed. \u00b7 Sprint Jedn\u00e1 se v\u016fbec o nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh z\u00e1vodu, jezd\u00ed v podstat\u011b p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 zast\u00e1vce sv\u011btov\u00e9ho poh\u00e1ru. Jedn\u00e1 se o nejkrat\u0161\u00ed a nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1vod. Z\u00e1vodn\u00edci nastupuj\u00ed ke startu v p\u016fl minutov\u00fdch intervalech. St\u0159\u00edlej\u00ed jednou vle\u017ee a jedno ve stoje, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e st\u0159eleck\u00fd ne\u00fasp\u011bch znamen\u00e1 trestn\u00e9 kolo, tedy 150 metr\u016f b\u011bhu nav\u00edc. \u00b7 St\u00edha\u010dka Je ur\u010dena pro 60 nejlep\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1vodn\u00edk\u016f ze sprintu. \u017deny b\u011b\u017e\u00ed 10 km, mu\u017ei 12,5. St\u0159\u00edl\u00ed se nejprve dvakr\u00e1t vle\u017ee a pot\u00e9 dvakr\u00e1t ve stoje. Pokud z\u00e1vodn\u00edk na st\u0159elnici neusp\u011bje, \u010dek\u00e1 jej op\u011bt trestn\u00e9 kolo.  \u00b7 Z\u00e1vod s hromadn\u00fdm startem Tohoto z\u00e1vodu, do kter\u00e9ho vyb\u00edhaj\u00ed v\u0161ichni nar\u00e1z, se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed pouze t\u0159icet vybran\u00fdch z\u00e1vodn\u00edk\u016f. Princip st\u0159elby je stejn\u00fd jako u st\u00edha\u010dky. D\u00e9lka trati je v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b u \u017een 12,5 km a u mu\u017e\u016f 15 km. \u00b7 Vytrvalostn\u00ed z\u00e1vod Nejtradi\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 tak\u00e9 nejdel\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1vod. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se st\u0159\u00edl\u00ed nejprve vle\u017ee, pak ve stoje a pak op\u011bt vle\u017ee a ve stoje. Chyba nen\u00ed trest\u00e1na b\u011bhem nav\u00edc, n\u00fdbr\u017e dostanou za ka\u017ed\u00fd netrefen\u00fd ter\u010d minutu nav\u00edc ke sv\u00e9mu \u010dasu. \u00b7 \u0160tafety V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se b\u011bhaj\u00ed t\u0159i druhy \u0161tafet, a to klasick\u00e1 \u0161tafeta bu\u010f 4 mu\u017e\u016f, nebo 4 \u017een. D\u00e1le se z\u00e1vod\u00ed ve sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch \u0161tafet\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 jsou tvo\u0159en\u00e9 2 mu\u017ei a 2 \u017eenami. V\u016fbec nejmlad\u0161\u00ed discipl\u00ednou je z\u00e1vod sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch dvojic. Mu\u017e a \u017eena z jednoho t\u00fdmu se n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t vyst\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed na okruhu a oba st\u0159\u00edlej\u00ed jak vle\u017ee, tak ve stoje. U v\u0161ech \u0161tafetov\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f plat\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1vodn\u00edk sm\u00ed p\u0159i ne\u00fasp\u011bchu t\u0159ikr\u00e1t dob\u00edjet. Pokud ani tehdy nem\u00e1 vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 v\u0161echny ter\u010de, mus\u00ed j\u00edt na trestn\u00e9 kolo.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 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